Types and selection of industrial lubricants

Lubricating oil base oil

Mineral base oils should be those produced by hydrocracking, hydrorefining and hydroreforming, or using isomerization dewaxing processes, as well as synthetic base oils.

additive

Additive technology is a core technology for lubricating oil manufacturers. It completely determines the performance and service life of lubricating oil. Generally, there are no less than eight types.

Commonly used lubricating oil additives include detergent and dispersants, antioxidants and anti-corrosion agents, extreme pressure anti-wear agents, oiliness agents and friction modifiers, antioxidants and metal deactivators, viscosity index improvers, anti-foaming agents, anti-emulsifiers, Pour point depressant, anti-rust agent, compound additives.

Since there are many types of additives, it depends on the manufacturer as to which ones to use and how much to use.

Lubricating oil performance indicators, including physical indicators and chemical indicators.

Generally speaking, high-quality lubricants must have: high degree index, high flash point, low freezing point, anti-emulsification, anti-foaming, anti-oxidation, anti-friction, and good rubber compatibility, and The color should be good and there should be no pungent smell.

Generally speaking, under medium speed, medium load and low temperature working conditions, medium viscosity lubricating oil is selected; under high load, low speed and high temperature working conditions, high viscosity lubricating oil is used or extreme pressure resistance is added. For the lubricating oil of grinding agent, low viscosity lubricating oil should be selected under the working conditions of low load, high speed and low temperature; synthetic lubricating oil should be selected under the working conditions of wide high and low temperature range, light load and high speed, as well as other special requirements.

There are many types of industrial lubricants, with various varieties, each with its own characteristics in technical performance, and covering a wide range of technologies. Hydraulic oil is the most commonly used type of industrial lubricants. Let’s briefly explain this variety as an example.

In the hydraulic transmission system, hydraulic oil as an energy transfer medium can transmit power, reduce friction, isolate wear surfaces, suspend pollutants, control component oxidation, and have a cooling effect.

Various hydraulic systems have different types of structures and usage conditions.

In order to meet the requirements of various systems, hydraulic oil must have certain properties, such as viscosity, viscosity index, relative density, wear resistance, low temperature resistance, acid value, flash point, oxidation stability, demulsibility, and hydrolysis stability , foaming, air release, shear stability, rust resistance and filterability.

According to GB11118.1-94 hydraulic oil is divided into the following varieties according to its composition and use, and each variety has different viscosity grades.

HL hydraulic oil is made from a highly refined neutral base oil with anti-oxidation and anti-rust additives added. It is used in general machine tool hydraulic equipment to reduce component wear, lower temperature rise and prevent rust.

HM hydraulic oil is made from a highly refined neutral base oil with a viscosity index greater than 95 and added with antioxidants, anti-rust agents and anti-wear agents. Therefore, it has good wear resistance and can be used in high-speed and high-pressure hydraulic systems. HG hydraulic oil is made by adding anti-stick-slip additives (oiliness agent or friction reducer) to HM hydraulic oil. In addition to good antioxidant, anti-rust and anti-wear properties, it also has excellent anti-stick-slip properties. , used for machine tools that combine hydraulic systems and guide rail lubrication systems to minimize the vibration and intermittent sliding (stick-slip) of the guide rails at low speeds, but are not suitable for high-pressure hydraulic systems.