The Trump administration's new tariff policy is in full swing, and the global energy supply chain is facing reconstruction
author: Ann
2025-04-25
In April 2025, the international energy sector was stirred up by a piece of heavy news. US President Trump announced in a high-profile manner that a 25% "secondary tariff" would be imposed on countries that purchase Venezuelan oil and natural gas. Once this policy was announced, it was like a boulder thrown into a calm lake, causing huge waves in the global energy market, and the impact on the international crude oil supply and demand pattern and the energy supply chain system cannot be underestimated.
The intention of the United States' move this time is very obvious. It aims to significantly reduce Venezuela's oil export revenue by raising trade costs, thereby severely hitting its economic pillar. At the same time, the United States also wants to use this to prevent China, India, Spain and other major Venezuelan oil importers from conducting energy cooperation with it. Data shows that China, Spain and India together absorb nearly 60% of Venezuela's crude oil exports. Taking Spain as an example, in 2024, the export volume of crude oil from the Venezuelan National Oil Company (PDVSA) to Spain increased sharply by about 120% compared with the previous year, reaching the highest level in the past 20 years, making Venezuela the eighth largest crude oil supplier to Spain that year.
From the essence of the policy, the "secondary tariff" pioneered by the United States is a mixture of tariff tools and "secondary sanctions", and is a typical extension of "long-arm jurisdiction". This policy threatens to impose tariffs on goods exported to the United States from third countries, forcing relevant countries to reduce or even stop importing energy from Venezuela, and arbitrarily expands the scope of unilateral sanctions from the original financial field to the trade field. This practice seriously violates the non-discrimination principle of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has been severely criticized by many parties in the international community. Hu Cui, a professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics, bluntly stated that this is a bad manifestation of the United States abusing its economic hegemony; officials from the European Commission's Trade Department also stated that such policies are very likely to cause chaos in the global trade system, and the European Union is even considering launching a "blocking bill" to offset its negative impact.
Affected by the "secondary tariff", the global energy market structure is undergoing significant differentiation and reshaping. Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq and other core OPEC+ member countries have become the first direct beneficiaries. Looking back at 2024, Saudi Arabia's crude oil exports to China reached 78.6388 million tons, a significant increase compared to 2023; although Russia's exports fell slightly year-on-year, it still ranked first among China's crude oil importers with a scale of 15.47 million tons. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) boldly predicts that by 2025, these countries' crude oil exports to the Asia-Pacific region will usher in a 5%-8% increase due to the reduction in Venezuela's supply. Not only that, emerging oil exporters such as Brazil and Guyana have also ushered in an opportunity to accelerate their rise. The light, low-sulfur crude oil they produce just happens to complement Venezuela's heavy crude oil and become the new favorite and alternative choice for many refineries. The U.S.'s own oil and gas industry has also found expansion opportunities in this change. It is predicted that the U.S. crude oil production will reach an average of 13.55 million barrels per day in 2025.
The intention of the United States' move this time is very obvious. It aims to significantly reduce Venezuela's oil export revenue by raising trade costs, thereby severely hitting its economic pillar. At the same time, the United States also wants to use this to prevent China, India, Spain and other major Venezuelan oil importers from conducting energy cooperation with it. Data shows that China, Spain and India together absorb nearly 60% of Venezuela's crude oil exports. Taking Spain as an example, in 2024, the export volume of crude oil from the Venezuelan National Oil Company (PDVSA) to Spain increased sharply by about 120% compared with the previous year, reaching the highest level in the past 20 years, making Venezuela the eighth largest crude oil supplier to Spain that year.
From the essence of the policy, the "secondary tariff" pioneered by the United States is a mixture of tariff tools and "secondary sanctions", and is a typical extension of "long-arm jurisdiction". This policy threatens to impose tariffs on goods exported to the United States from third countries, forcing relevant countries to reduce or even stop importing energy from Venezuela, and arbitrarily expands the scope of unilateral sanctions from the original financial field to the trade field. This practice seriously violates the non-discrimination principle of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has been severely criticized by many parties in the international community. Hu Cui, a professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics, bluntly stated that this is a bad manifestation of the United States abusing its economic hegemony; officials from the European Commission's Trade Department also stated that such policies are very likely to cause chaos in the global trade system, and the European Union is even considering launching a "blocking bill" to offset its negative impact.
Affected by the "secondary tariff", the global energy market structure is undergoing significant differentiation and reshaping. Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq and other core OPEC+ member countries have become the first direct beneficiaries. Looking back at 2024, Saudi Arabia's crude oil exports to China reached 78.6388 million tons, a significant increase compared to 2023; although Russia's exports fell slightly year-on-year, it still ranked first among China's crude oil importers with a scale of 15.47 million tons. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) boldly predicts that by 2025, these countries' crude oil exports to the Asia-Pacific region will usher in a 5%-8% increase due to the reduction in Venezuela's supply. Not only that, emerging oil exporters such as Brazil and Guyana have also ushered in an opportunity to accelerate their rise. The light, low-sulfur crude oil they produce just happens to complement Venezuela's heavy crude oil and become the new favorite and alternative choice for many refineries. The U.S.'s own oil and gas industry has also found expansion opportunities in this change. It is predicted that the U.S. crude oil production will reach an average of 13.55 million barrels per day in 2025.
الفرق بين ثاني كبريتيد الموليبدينوم الشحوم الجرافيت الشحوم
ما هي وظيفة من زيوت التشحيم الصناعية ؟
